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Below is text from the final projection on Tuesday morning at 7:51AM.
A combination of poll sample bias, shy trump voter bias, and late breaking voters (incumbency rule) will keep the popular vote within one percentage point. There is substantial evidence for poll sample bias and the shy trump voter bias. I am using 47% as the threshold for the incumbency rule because there is a strong third party contingent and Hillary is a de facto incumbent.
Evidence suggests that African-American and millennial turnout will be below the expected levels. In this national projection I assume this will drop Democratic turnout from +6 above the GOP we saw in 2012 to +5, a conservative assumption, resulting in a 1 point bump for Trump. Evidence also suggests a substantial portion, as much as 2.4%, of Trump's support is shy about it, not admitting it to pollsters. I make a conservative assumption, cutting that number by more than half, and give Trump a 1 point bump here.
So after adjusting, today's result would be Clinton 45.3 to Trump 44.3. Then we have the late breaking vote which almost always goes to the challenger (incumbency rule). To be conservative I assume it splits 52/48 for Trump. Assuming Johnson and Stein carry 5% nationally, as some polls have shown them trending up, that leaves 5.2% remaining.
The final popular vote projection is Clinton 47.9., Trump 47.1.
A split between the national popular vote and the electoral vote will occur because of a surge in the Hispanic vote nationwide, but centered mostly in just a few states like California, where it will not result in an increase in Clinton's electoral vote total. Trump will also win traditionally red states like Texas with a smaller than average margin for a Republican, but he will win them nonetheless, which results in a reduced popular vote total for him but not a reduced electoral vote total. We have seen evidence for a popular/electoral vote split throughout this election cycle. The state polls show a clear path to 270 electoral votes if one assumes that the reduced turnout among African-Americans and millennials, which we have evidence for in the early vote, in contrast to high enthusiasm among Trump-backing white working class voters in Pennsylvania and/or Michigan, will blow up conventional wisdom.
| Clinton 45.2, Trump 42.3 | |||||||
Poll |
Date |
Sample |
2012 Peformance |
Weight Applied |
MoE |
Clinton |
Trump |
| Ref's Avg | 10/31-11/6 | - | SOURCE: 538/NYT | - | - | 45.3 | 42.3 |
| 11/4-11/7 | 1026LV | Rank 1, Avg Error 0.9 | - | 3.1 | 43 | 45 | |
| Economist/YouGov | 11/4-11/7 | 3677LV | Rank 13, Avg Error 2.6 | - | 1.5 (est) | 45 | 41 |
| Google Consumer Surveys | 11/1--11/7 | 26574LV | Rank 2, Avg Error 1.6 | - | 0.65 | 38.0 | 35.7 |
| 11/1-11/7 | 2972LV | Rank 4, Avg. Error 1.8 | - | 4.5 | 46.8 | 43.6 | |
| 11/1-11/7 | 2354LV | Rank 8, Avg. Error 2.0 | - | 3.0 | 48.8 | 46.2 | |
| Bloomberg | 11/4-11/6 | 799LV | ***Rank 1, Avg. Error 0.7 | - | 3.5 | 46 | 43 |
| Fox News | 11/3-11/6 | 1295LV | ***Rank 19, Avg. Error 3.1 | - | 3.0 | 48 | 44 |
| Gravis | 11/3-11/6 | 16639RV | Rank 16, Avg. Error 2.7 | - | 1.0 | 47 | 43 |
| Monmouth | 11/3-11/6 | 748LV | ***Rank 18 (source) | - | 3.6 | 50 | 44 |
| Reuter/Ipsos | 11/2-11/6 | 2196LV | Rank 6, Avg Error 1.9 | - | 2.2 | 42 | 39 |
| CBS News | 11/2-11/6 | 1426LV | Unavailable | - | 3.0 | 45 | 41 |
| 11/2-11/3, 11/6 | 1500LV | Rank 20, Avg Error 4.2 | - | 2.5 | 45 | 43 | |
| NBCWSJ | 11/3-11/5 | 1282LV | ***Rank 10 , Avg Error 2.1 | - | 2.7 | 44 | 40 |
| 11/3-11/6 | 2220LV | Rank 18, Avg. Error 2.8 | - | 2.5 | 47 | 43 | |
| McClatchy/Marist | 11/1-11/3 | 940LV | ***Rank 11, Avg Error 2.5 | - | 3.2 | 44 | 43 |
| *** indicates that the pollster did fewer than five polls in the last three weeks of the election, so the rating is less certain. Also, some estimation was involved to determine the pollster's rank. | |||||||
| I try to keep all data within a one week range when close to an election as late deciders move fast. Polls that substantially diverge from the other national polls and the bellwether state polls will be weighted down. See an example. Only one poll per media organization is included. This average mixes head-to-head polls with four-way polls. Four-way polls are better because they match reality, but some head-to-head polls, like the LA Times/Daybreak (4th most accurate 2012) and UPI/CVoter (8th most accurate 2012) polls, offer reliable data. Not all head-to-head polls are useful, in fact most are not because there will be a large third-party vote this year. Often news organizations or particular shows, like the Kelly File, will report only those head-to-head numbers because they artificially inflate Hillary's lead. Perhaps because the LA Times/Daybreak and UPI/CVoter are Internet polls, this bias seems less pronounced rendering those polls worth inclusion. | |||||||
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